INEC Chairmen, Prof Joash Amupitan
A clarion call has been
made to electoral policy makers across Africa to go beyond the legal recognition
of disability rights, and build the capacity needed to implement those rights
in order to ensure full participation of persons with disabilities (PWDs) in
the electoral process on the continent.
The call was made at a
webinar organised by the Centre for Disability and Inclusion Africa (CDIA) to
commemorate the International Day of Democracy.
According to a press
release from CDIA, made available to Lagos Today Extra!, The virtual
event brought together disability advocates and electoral stakeholders from
Nigeria and Kenya to examine barriers confronting persons with disabilities
throughout the electoral cycle.
Stakeholders noted that
Nigeria, for instance, has made progress
in recognising the electoral rights of persons with disabilities, but gaps in
data, accessibility, funding and implementation continue to limit their full
participation in the democratic process.
Speaking at the event,
Mr Yisa Usman said legal recognition of disability rights would have limited
impact if electoral institutions lacked the capacity to implement those rights.
He identified disability-disaggregated data, policy development, budgeting,
procurement, training, deployment of personnel and materials, accessibility,
participation and accountability as key elements required to translate legal
provisions into meaningful participation.
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Nigeria's legal
framework has recently expanded protections for voters with disabilities. Under
the Electoral Act 2026, disability status, disaggregated by type of disability,
is to be included in the National Register of Voters. The law also provides for
reasonable measures to assist voters with disabilities, including Braille,
large embossed print, electronic devices and sign-language interpretation.
However, participants at
the event said legal provisions alone would not guarantee accessibility at
polling units without adequate planning and resources. The issue of reliable
disability data was highlighted as a particular challenge. The Independent
National Electoral Commission (INEC) recently reported that 137,487 persons
with disabilities had been captured in registration data before its Automated
Fingerprint Identification System exercise.
Stakeholders cautioned
that the figure should not be interpreted as the total number of registered
voters with disabilities in Nigeria. They said accurate,
disability-disaggregated data was necessary to determine the type and quantity
of assistance required and where such support should be deployed. They further
argued that such data would have greater operational value if it directly
informed electoral budgets, procurement, training and logistics.
Sharing his experience
from the recent Osun State governorship election, Lanre Olakusibe, a person
with a mobility challenge, acknowledged improvements in electoral inclusion but
identified continuing challenges relating to public awareness, physical
accessibility, transportation, assistive materials and the preparedness of
polling officials.
The discussions also
focused on the involvement of persons with disabilities in electoral planning. Participants
said organisations representing persons with disabilities should be involved
not only in consultations but also in planning, implementation, monitoring and
evaluation. They argued that such organisations often have practical knowledge
of barriers that may not be readily identified by electoral officials during
institutional planning.
Beyond voting,
stakeholders raised concerns about the participation of persons with
disabilities as candidates for political office. The cost of political party
nomination and application forms was identified as one potential barrier to
political participation. Participants called for consideration of measures that
could reduce or waive such costs for persons with disabilities.
The webinar also
featured the experience of Kenya, with Karen Muruiki highlighting challenges
facing disability inclusion in that country's
electoral process. Participants said the experiences of Nigeria and Kenya
reflected a broader, common issue across
Africa: the need to strengthen the capacity of electoral institutions to turn
legal protections for persons with disabilities into practical participation.
Among the measures
proposed were accessibility-readiness checklists for polling units, practical
disability-competence training for frontline electoral officials, and the use
of disability data to guide budgeting, procurement and deployment. Stakeholders
also called for post-election assessments to examine accessibility outcomes,
rather than focusing solely on expenditure, and urged electoral authorities to
establish mechanisms for sustained participation by persons with disabilities
throughout the electoral cycle. They further identified civic and disability
education as a long-term component of inclusion, suggesting that disability
rights and inclusion should be incorporated into school education to help
address misconceptions and barriers associated with disability.
The discussions ultimately underscored a central challenge for Nigeria's electoral system: translating legal guarantees into practical access. For persons with disabilities, stakeholders said, meaningful democratic participation will depend not only on the existence of rights in law but also on whether electoral institutions have the resources, systems and processes required to implement those rights.



















